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- Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (but generally styled Earl of Clare),[2] had the majority of the Giffard estates from his ancestor, Rohese.[3] "The most substantial of all the additions Earl Richard made to the family estate, however, came as a result of his marriage to Amicia, second daughter and eventual sole heiress of William, earl of Gloucester. The Gloucester inheritance was a vast one, comprising over 260 knights’ fees in England and extensive lands in Wales and the Marches."[11] He and Amice, "Countess of Gloucester"[12][13] (c.1160-1220), married about 1172.[3][14]
Richard and his father-in-law William were both suspected of complicity, if not direct involvement, in Earl Hugh le Bigod's rebellion in 1173-74. Clare subsequently supported the king, when the king's son, Henry, whom he had crowned during his own lifetime, rebelled against his father.[2]
In 1173 Richard succeeded his father, Roger de Clare, as 3rd Earl of Hertford.[12] Earl Richard was present at the coronation of King Richard I at Westminster, 3 September 1189.[3] "At the start of the reign of King Richard I, the barony of Long Crendon, Buckinghamshire (which had escheated to the crown in 1164) was divided between him and William Marshal, later Earl of Pembroke."[2]
"In 1198 he excused himself from personal attendance on the king at Hertford",[2] on 27 May 1199 was present at the coronation of King John. He was also present at the homage of King William of Scotland at Lincoln.[3]
"Richard de Clare, appointed to the Twenty Five,"[11] played a leading part in the negotiations for Magna Carta. He sided with the Barons against King John, even though he had previously sworn peace with the King at Northampton, and his castle of Tonbridge was taken.[12] In 1215, his lands in counties Cambridge, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex were granted to Robert de Betun.[3] Both he and his son, Gilbert, were among the Barons excommunicated by Pope Pope Innocent III on 16 December 1215. On returning to fealty 5 October 1217, he had restitution.[2]
Shortly after Earl Richard's death in 1217, his son and heir, Gilbert, assumed the combined titles of earl of Gloucester and Hertford. Countess Amicia lived out her last years in retirement, probably at Clare.[11] She is said to have died 1 January 1224/5.[2]
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1153 - 1217 (64 years)
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