HENRY, King of England I

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 28 GGF
• Name: Henry Beauclerc
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 1100 and 1136; King of England and Duke of the Normans

Notes:

Considered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skilfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy. In England, he drew on the existing Anglo-Saxon system of justice, local government and taxation, but also strengthened it with additional institutions, including the royal exchequer and itinerant justices. Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer. Many of the officials who ran Henry's system were "new men" of obscure backgrounds rather than from families of high status, who rose through the ranks as administrators. Henry encouraged ecclesiastical reform, but became embroiled in a serious dispute in 1101 with Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury,

Family/Spouse: PRINCESS OF SCOTLAND, Matilda. Matilda (daughter of SCOTLAND, Malcolm III of and SCOTLAND, Margaret of) was born in 1088; died on 1 May 1118; was buried in May 1118. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. MATILDA, Empress was born on 5 Aug 1102 in Middlesex, England; died on 10 Sep 1169 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France.

Family/Spouse: Living. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. ROY, Robert Fitz was born in 1100; died on 31 Oct 1147.
2. ROY, Reginald fitz was born about 1110 in Dénestanville, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; died on 1 Jul 1175.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Royalty & Nobility: King of England
• Name: William the Conqueror

Notes:

A minor at the time of the death of his father duke Robert on a pilgrimage in 1035, William's early years as duke were spent surviving the dangerous period of his minority and solidifying his position within Normandy. He obtained the crown of England by his victory over Harold II in the famous Battle of Hastings in 1066. At his death in 1087, his eldest son Robert received Normandy, his second surviving son William received England, and his youngest son Henry (who eventually obtained both England and Normandy) received money.

I married COUNTESS OF FLANDERS, Matilda in 1050 in Castle of Angi, France. Matilda (daughter of FLANDERS, Baldwin V of and FRANCE, Adela of, daughter of FRANCE, Adela of) was born on 24 Nov 1031; died on 2 Nov 1083 in Bickleigh, Devon, England; was buried in Bickleigh, Devon, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Matilda, the daughter of count Baldwin V of Flanders, was married between 1049 and 1053 to duke William (II) of Normandy, better known as William "the Conqueror", who became king of England by conquest in 1066. On Whitsunday (i.e., Pentecost, 11 May in that year) 1068, Matilda was consecrated as queen at Westminster by archbishop Ealdred

Birth:
Burges, Flanders, France

Notes:

Died:
Nicea, Bithynia, Turkey

Robert + Living. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 29 GGF
• Royalty & Nobility: Count of Flanders
• Name: Count of Flanders BaldwinBaudouin V
• Birth: 19 Aug 1012, Flanders, Belgium
• Death: 1 Sep 1067, Lille, Flanders, Belgium

Baldwin married FRANCE, Adela of in 1028 in Paris, Paris, Île-de-France, France. Adela (daughter of FRANCE, Robert II of and ARLES, Constance of) was born in 1009; died on 8 Jan 1079. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Honoured as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church, her commemoration day is 8 September
• Relation to Me: 29 GGM
• Royalty & Nobility: Countess of Flanders and Duchess of Normandy
• Name: Adela the Holy or Adela of Messines

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Norman nobleman of the House of Normandy. He was the paternal grandfather of William the Conqueror
• Relation to Me: 30 GGF
• Royalty & Nobility: Duke of Normandy
• Name: Richard the Good

Notes:

Birth:
Rouen, Seine Inferieure, Normandy, France

II married BRITTANY, Judith of in 1000. Judith (daughter of BRITTANY, Conan I and ANJOU, Ermengarde-Gerberga of) was born on 21 Mar 982 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France; died on 16 Jun 1017 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Paternal grandmother of William the Conqueror.[
• Relation to Me: 30 GGM
• Royalty & Nobility: Countess of Brittany
• Name: Judith DeBretagne; Judith of Rennes

Notes:

Married:
Normandy, France

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 30 GGF
• Royalty & Nobility: Count of Flanders
• Name: Baldwin the Bearded

IV + Living. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Robert II, known as the Pious, the son of Hugues Capet, was excommunicated for incest by Pope Gregory V after refusing to repudiate his second wife and distant cousin Berthe of Burgundy.
• Relation to Me: 31 GGF
• Name: The Pious or The Wise
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 996 and 1031; King of the Franks

Notes:

Robert distinguished himself with an extraordinarily long reign for the time. His 35-year long reign was marked by his attempts to expand the royal domain by any means, especially by his long struggle to gain the Duchy of Burgundy. His policies earned him many enemies, including three of his sons. He was also known for his difficult marriages: he married three times, annulling two of these and attempting to annul the third, only prevented by the Pope's refusal to accept a third annulment.

The pious Robert made few friends and many enemies, including his own sons: Hugh, Henry, and Robert. They turned against their father in a civil war over power and property. Robert was a devout Catholic, hence his sobriquet "the Pious." He was musically inclined, being a composer, chorister, and poet, and made his palace a place of religious seclusion where he conducted the matins and vespers in his royal robes. Robert's reputation for piety also resulted from his lack of toleration for heretics, whom he harshly punished. He is credited with advocating forced conversions of local Jewry.

Died:
Melun, France

Robert + ARLES, Constance of. Constance (daughter of PROVENCE, William I of and ANJOU, Adelaide-Blanche of) was born in 968 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died on 28 Jul 1032 in Melun, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 31 GGM
• Name: Constance of Provence
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 1001 and 1031; Queen consort to the Franks

Notes:

On her husband's death, Constance was determined to put her youngest son Robert I, duke of Burgundy, on the throne of France, rather than the appointed successor, her eldest living son Henry. With the support of the duke of Normandy, the count of Anjou, and the count of Flanders, Henry overthrew his brother. Crowned Henry I, he then pardoned Robert and granted him the duchy of Burgundy. In the meantime, however, the conflict weakened the French monarchy.